Language | Libraries | Comparison
Arduino programs can be divided in three main parts: structure, values (variables and constants), and functions. The Arduino language is based on C/C++.
StructureAn Arduino program run in two parts: setup() is preparation, and loop() is execution. In the setup section, always at the top of your program, you would set pinMode, initialize serial communication, etc. The loop section is the code to be executed -- reading inputs, triggering outputs, etc. Control StructuresArithmetic OperatorsComparison Operators
Boolean OperatorsBitwise Operators
Further Syntax
VariablesVariables are expressions that you can use in programs to store values, like e.g. sensor reading from an analog pin. They can have various types, which are described below. Data TypesVariable ScopeConstantsConstants are labels for certain values which are preset in the Arduino compiler. You do not need to define or initialize constants. Arduino includes the following pre-defined constants. UtilitiesReference |
FunctionsDigital I/O
Analog I/O
Advanced I/O Time
Math Random Numbers
External Interrupts These functions allow you to trigger a function when the input to a pin changes value.
Serial Communication Used for communication between the Arduino board and a computer or other devices. This communication happens via the Arduino board's serial or USB connection and on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Thus, if you use these functions, you cannot also use pins 0 and 1 for digital i/o.
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